Potentially carcinogenic effects of 여자 해외알바 nocturnal labor are explained by light exposure during the night, phase changes, disrupted sleep, lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity, or BMI), and exposure to vitamin D. Our study provides novel evidence concerning a potential association not previously investigated in depth, that is, the link between nighttime labor and the risk of different types of cancer in men. Our study provides new evidence concerning possible associations that have not previously been well investigated, namely between night work and risks of several types of cancer among males.7 Furthermore, Colstad found an increased risk for breast cancer following exposure to night shifts of 20 years and longer.7 The majority, though not all, of the later reviews found evidence supporting the link between night shifts and female breast cancer.8-12 This association is likely to be of considerable importance to public health, as night work exposure in >18% of European Union populations (www.eurofound.europa.eu) occurs.
Reviewing epidemiological and experimental literature, the International Agency for Research on Cancer concluded that night work is a probable causative risk of breast cancer in women, that is, placing night shifts in category 2 on the list of causes of cancer.7 Furthermore, Kolstad found that the risk of breast cancer was increased after 20 years or more of exposure to night work.7 Most, but not all, of subsequent reviews have found support for the link between night shifts and breast cancer in women.8-12 This link may have important effects on public health since > 18 % of the population in the European Union is exposed to night work (www.eurofound.europa.eu ). Some cohort studies show no link. Our subgroup analyses suggested that night shifts might only increase PCa risk among Asian men. One potential explanation is that the differential effects of night shift work in Asian men as compared with European and American men could be related to differing lifestyles and genotypes.
Evidence from earlier studies suggests that women, particularly, working rotundas with evening shifts, are likely to have increased coronary heart risk: Some statistics reported 40% increased risk in women just due to work stress. One study found nurses working night-shift rotating followed by day-shift reported lower job satisfaction, decreased sleep quality and quantity, and increased fatigue, along with psychological and cardiovascular symptoms. In our study, noteworthy associations of working nights with metabolic risk factors and immune cell counts were particularly present or higher for a group of night shift workers who had the highest monthly night shift frequency (i.e.
For BMI, waist size, and multiple immune cell types, we observed no or weak associations in the group with the longest night shift duration, i.e., the night shift workers working in the evening for >=20 years. In the present study, associations with metabolic risk factors and higher immunocellular counts were generally stronger among night shift workers working >3 consecutive nights. Similar categories of duration of shift employment were used in the study conducted by Peplonska and colleagues (2015), who found an OR 1.5 higher for obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2) in night shift workers working >=20 years of night shift compared to a group of shift workers working 10 years in the night shift.
The associations of work shifts with obesity outcome (obeseness x normal plus overweight), excess body mass (obese plus overweight x normal) and abdominal obesity (higher abdominal circumference vs. lower abdomen circumference) were evaluated via logistic regression analyses, including hours of sleep, hours of sleep throughout the week, and social jetlag as predictors. Quality of life scores were compared across the work shifts, as well as across hours of sleep, which were divided into two categories–over-6 hours vs. under-6 hours–using a Students T-test for the 119 individuals.
Our subgroup analyses were conducted according to country (Western countries versus Asian countries), type of job (shift work and overnight job), average age at entry (>50 years versus =50 years), effect sizes (RRs and SIRs), years since follow-up (>20 years versus =20 years), and quality of study (high quality versus moderate or low quality). Our subgroup analysis was conducted by country (western countries and Asian countries ), work type (shift work and night work ), mean age at entry (> 50 and =50 years ), effect size (RR and SIR ), follow-up years (> 20 and =20 years ), and study quality (high quality vs. moderate or low ). Unfortunately, data were not collected about the intensity of the light, shift type (stationary and rotational) or other aspects of the work night, such as direction and speed of shift rotation, break periods following shift work, exposure to nighttime light exposure in the hours after work, exposure to nighttime light exposure in sleep and during rest periods), or personality characteristics, such as chronotype (morning versus evening).
The survey did contain participants. In the controlled lab study, scientists from Washington State University and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory examined participants blood cells during either the daytime or evening shifts, with 3-hour intervals.
In tests, they found that more than a third of the drivers who had been driving after the night shift (37.5 percent) needed an alert supervisor to activate the emergency brakes to respond to an almost-crash accident, while none of the drivers who had been driving after the night had done so. Among 16 post-night-shift drivers, all of the emergency-braking maneuvers, near-crash events, and drive-offs occurred 45 minutes or longer after beginning a post-night-shift driving session, even though objective measures of impaired driving and sleepiness were apparent within the first 15 minutes of driving.
Our best hypothesis is either that these results reflect an incidental, small percentage of late-night workers in the comparison group, or there is evidence for an excess cancer risk in multiple locations in association with late-night work.
Research has shown that night workers exposed to bright light during the shift, and wearing sunglasses to block out light when they return home, fall asleep faster and stay asleep longer after the shift compared with those exposed to no bright light. Whether you are an early rising morning person or night owl, working nights shifts can be difficult. Men who do shift work tend to shift constantly, resulting in the same kind of time-zone-changing jetlag one experiences when traveling between different time zones.
Several mechanisms for the association of shift work at night with increased body mass index or waist size, such as decreased physical activity46, increased calorie intake47, shorter duration of sleep, or other mechanisms related to circadian disruption44,48,49,50, were proposed earlier.